2021 Population Census - Definition of Terms

Definition of Terms

All

A-B

C-D

E-G

H-L

N-O

P-R

S-Z

A-B
(1)	Ability to read a selected language （閱讀選定語言的能力）
(2)	Ability to speak a selected language/dialect （使用選定語言／方言的能力）
(3)	Ability to write a selected language （書寫選定語言的能力）
(4)	Age （年齡）
(5)	Age-specific headship rate （年齡組別戶主率）
(6)	Area of current residence （現住地區）
(7)	Area of original residence （原住地區）
(8)	Area of residence 5 years ago （5年前居住地區）
(9)	Average annual growth rate over the past 5 years （前5年內平均每年增長率）
(10)	Average class size （平均每班學生人數）
(11)	Average domestic household size （家庭住戶平均人數）
(12)	Average number of domestic households per 1 000 units of quarters (or degree of sharing) （每千個屋宇單位的平均家庭住戶數目（或共住程度））
(13)	Average number of occupants per 1 000 units of quarters （每千個屋宇單位平均住客數目）
(14)	Average number of rooms per domestic household （每個家庭住戶的平均廳房數目）
(15)	Average number of rooms per person （每人的平均廳房數目）
(16)	Average number of working members （平均工作成員數目）

C-D
(1)	Child dependency ratio （少年兒童撫養比率）
(2)	Decile group （十等分組別）
(3)	District Council district and Constituency Area （區議會分區及選區）
(4)	Domestic household （家庭住戶）
(5)	Domestic household having internally migrated （曾作內部遷移的家庭住戶）
(6)	Duration of residence in Hong Kong （在港居住年期）

E-G
(1)	Economic activity status （經濟活動身分）
(2)	Economically active household （從事經濟活動的家庭住戶）
(3)	Economically active population （從事經濟活動人口）
(4)	Educational attainment （教育程度）
(5)	Elderly dependency ratio （老年撫養比率）
(6)	Elderly persons requiring care （需要照顧的長者）
(7)	Ethnicity （種族）
(8)	Ethnic minorities （少數族裔人士）
(9)	Ethnic minority domestic household （少數族裔家庭住戶）
(10)	Field of education （修讀科目）
(11)	Floor area of accommodation （居所樓面面積）

H-L
(1)	Headship rate （戶主率）
(2)	Hong Kong Resident Population （居港人口）
(3)	Household composition （住戶結構）
(4)	Household size （住戶人數）
(5)	Industry （行業）
(6)	In-mover (of internal migration) （遷入人士）
(7)	Internal migration （內部遷移）
(8)	Labour force （勞動人口）
(9)	Labour force participation rate （勞動人口參與率）
(10)	Living arrangements （居住情況）
(11)	Long-term care needs （長期照顧需要）

M
(1)	Main mode of transport to place of study （前赴上課地點的主要交通方式）
(2)	Main mode of transport to place of work （前赴工作地點的主要交通方式）
(3)	Major housing estate （主要屋苑）
(4)	Marital status （婚姻狀況）
(5)	Median age （年齡中位數）
(6)	Median floor area of accommodation （居所樓面面積中位數）
(7)	Median monthly domestic household income （家庭住戶每月收入中位數）
(8)	Median monthly domestic household mortgage payment and loan repayment （家庭住戶每月按揭供款及借貸還款中位數）
(9)	Median monthly domestic household rent （家庭住戶每月租金中位數）
(10)	Median monthly income from main employment （每月主要職業收入中位數）
(11)	Median mortgage payment and loan repayment to income ratio （按揭供款及借貸還款與收入比率中位數）
(12)	Median outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment （尚餘按揭供款或借貸還款年期中位數）
(13)	Median per capita floor area of accommodation （人均居所樓面面積中位數）
(14)	Median rent to income ratio （租金與收入比率中位數）
(15)	Median weekly usual hours of work of all employment （所有工作的每周通常工作時數中位數）
(16)	Mobile Residents （流動居民）
(17)	Mode of transport to place of study （前赴上課地點的交通方式）
(18)	Mode of transport to place of work （前赴工作地點的交通方式）
(19)	Monthly domestic household income （家庭住戶每月收入）
(20)	Monthly domestic household mortgage payment and loan repayment （家庭住戶每月按揭供款及借貸還款）
(21)	Monthly domestic household rent （家庭住戶每月租金）
(22)	Monthly income from main employment （每月主要職業收入）
(23)	Mortality rate （死亡率）
(24)	Mortgage payment and loan repayment to income ratio （按揭供款及借貸還款與收入比率）

N-O
(1)	Net internal migration （淨內部遷移）
(2)	Net migration （淨遷移）
(3)	New town （新市鎮）
(4)	Non-working members in domestic household （家庭住戶的非工作成員）
(5)	Number of children aged under 15 in household （住戶內15歲以下兒童數目）
(6)	Number of elderly persons (aged 65 and over) in household （住戶內65歲及以上長者數目）
(7)	Number of modes of transport to place of study （前赴上課地點的交通方式數目）
(8)	Number of modes of transport to place of work （前赴工作地點的交通方式數目）
(9)	Number of rooms (excluding kitchens and bathrooms/toilets) （廳房數目（不包括廚房及浴室／廁所））
(10)	Number of working members in domestic household （家庭住戶的工作成員數目）
(11)	Occupant （居住者）
(12)	Occupation （職業）
(13)	Occupied quarters （有人居住的屋宇單位）
(14)	One-person household （單人住戶）
(15)	Other cash income （其他現金收入）
(16)	Out-mover (of internal migration) （遷出人士）
(17)	Outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment （尚餘按揭供款或借貸還款年期）
(18)	Overall dependency ratio （總撫養比率）

P-R
(1)	Place of birth （出生地點）
(2)	Place of study （上課地點）
(3)	Place of work （工作地點）
(4)	Population （人口）
(5)	Population density （人口密度）
(6)	Post-secondary education （專上教育）
(7)	Primary carer （主要照顧者）
(8)	Pupil-teacher ratio （學生與教師比率）
(9)	Reference moment （點算時刻）
(10)	Rent to income ratio （租金與收入比率）

S-Z
(1)	School attendance rate （就學比率）
(2)	Sex ratio （性別比率）
(3)	Standardised rate （標準化率）
(4)	Tenure of accommodation （居所租住權）
(5)	Tertiary Planning Unit and Subunit （小規劃統計區及單元區）
(6)	Type of housing （房屋類型）
(7)	Type of quarters （屋宇單位類型）
(8)	Usual Residents （常住居民）
(9)	Usual spoken language （慣用交談語言）
(10)	Weekly usual hours of work （每周通常工作時數）
(11)	Whether studying （是否在學）
(12)	Working population （工作人口）

A-B

(1)

Ability to read a selected language

（閱讀選定語言的能力）

A person aged 5 and over is considered as being able to read a language if he/she can read a short and simple statement in this language in everyday life.

(2)

Ability to speak a selected language/dialect

（使用選定語言／方言的能力）

If a person aged 5 and over (excluding mute persons) is able to conduct a short conversation with a particular language/dialect in everyday life activities such as studying at educational institution or using at work, he/she is deemed to have the ability to speak the language/dialect. A person who is capable of speaking a language/dialect other than the usual spoken language possesses the ability to speak that language/dialect as another spoken language/dialect. Please see Usual spoken language.

(3)

Ability to write a selected language

（書寫選定語言的能力）

A person aged 5 and over is considered as being able to write a language if he/she can write a short and simple statement in this language in everyday life.

(4)

Age

（年齡）

Age is the number of complete years a person has passed since birth. It is derived from month and year of birth.

(5)

Age-specific headship rate

（年齡組別戶主率）

The percentage of household heads among the total number of persons of a specific age group living in domestic households.

(6)

Area of current residence

（現住地區）

Area in which a person was living at the time of the Census.

(7)

Area of original residence

（原住地區）

The broad geographical area in which a person lived 5 years before the Census.

(8)

Area of residence 5 years ago

（5年前居住地區）

The broad geographical area in which a person lived 5 years before the Census. If the place is outside Hong Kong, the country of residence is recorded.

(9)

Average annual growth rate over the past 5 years

（前5年內平均每年增長率）

When population increased over the past 5 years, the average annual growth rate is computed using the following formula:

P₂ / P₁ = (1+r)⁵

where P₁	= population at the beginning of the 5-year period
P₂	= population at the end of the 5-year period
r	= average annual growth rate of the 5-year period

The average annual growth rate of domestic households is calculated using the similar formula.

(10)

Average class size

（平均每班學生人數）

The ratio of the total number of pupils/students enrolled to the total number of classes.

(11)

Average domestic household size

（家庭住戶平均人數）

The average number of persons per domestic household. It is calculated by dividing the total number of persons who were living in domestic households by the total number of domestic households.

(12)

Average number of domestic households per 1 000 units of quarters (or degree of sharing)

（每千個屋宇單位的平均家庭住戶數目
（或共住程度）
）

This is calculated by dividing the total number of domestic households by the total number of quarters occupied by domestic households and then multiplying by a factor of 1 000.

(13)

Average number of occupants per 1 000 units of quarters

（每千個屋宇單位平均住客數目）

This is calculated by dividing the total number of residents living in occupied quarters by the total number of occupied quarters and then multiplying by a factor of 1 000.

(14)

Average number of rooms per domestic household

（每個家庭住戶的平均廳房數目）

The average number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms, excluding kitchens and bathrooms/toilets, used by each domestic household. It is calculated by dividing the total number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms exclusively used by domestic households by the total number of domestic households.

(15)

Average number of rooms per person

（每人的平均廳房數目）

The average number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms, excluding kitchens and bathrooms/toilets, used by each person. It is calculated by dividing the total number of living/dining rooms, bedrooms and other rooms exclusively used by domestic households by the total number of persons in all domestic households.

(16)

Average number of working members

（平均工作成員數目）

The total number of persons in domestic households who are working divided by the total number of domestic households. For the definition of “working population”, please see Economic activity status.

C-D
(1)	Child dependency ratio （少年兒童撫養比率） The number of persons aged under 15 per 1 000 persons aged between 15 and 64.
(2)	Decile group （十等分組別） A decile group is a proportion of a set of data (e.g. household income) that has been ranked and divided into 10 equal groups, with each group comprising 10% of the estimated population. An income decile group is the division of the population ranked by income into 10 groups, with each comprising the same number of units.
(3)	District Council district and Constituency Area （區議會分區及選區） There are 18 districts in Hong Kong as declared under the District Councils Ordinance (Cap. 547): 4 on Hong Kong Island, 5 in Kowloon and 9 in the New Territories. A District Council is established in each district. The boundary of Constituency Area for each District Council is recommended by the Electoral Affairs Commission to the Chief Executive. The set of Constituency Area boundaries adopted in the 2021 Population Census is based on those declared in the Declaration of Constituencies (District Councils) Order 2018 (L.N. 263 of 2018) made by the Chief Executive in Council under section 6 of the District Councils Ordinance (Cap. 547) for the District Council Election held on 24 November 2019. (Note: The boundaries of the Wan Chai district and Eastern district adopted in the 2016 Population By-census and 2021 Population Census are not comparable with those adopted in the 2011 Population Census. Whenever comparison of statistics on districts with 2011 is made, the statistics pertaining to the Wan Chai and Eastern districts for 2016 and 2021 are re-compiled based on the boundaries adopted in the 2011 Population Census, so that appropriate comparison can be made.)
(4)	Domestic household （家庭住戶） A domestic household consists of a group of persons who live together and make common provision for essentials for living. These persons need not be related. If a person makes provision for essentials for living without sharing with other persons, he/she is also regarded as a household. In this case the household is a one-person household. (Note: A domestic household must have at least one member who is a Usual Resident. Households comprising Mobile Residents only are not classified as domestic households.)
(5)	Domestic household having internally migrated （曾作內部遷移的家庭住戶） A household in which all of the household head(s) had internally migrated. In defining internal migration, a change in the area of residence refers to a move (a) from a District Council district to another District Council district; or (b) within a District Council district in the New Territories, from a new town to another new town, or from a new town to other areas in the district or vice versa.
(6)	Duration of residence in Hong Kong （在港居住年期） Duration of residence in Hong Kong measures the total number of complete years for which a person has lived in Hong Kong. Any period of temporary absence from Hong Kong for 6 months or more was not counted in reckoning the duration.

E-G
(1)	Economic activity status （經濟活動身分） The population can be divided into two main groups, economically active population (i.e. the labour force) and economically inactive population as follows: Economically active population （從事經濟活動人口）：This comprises the employed (i.e. the working population) and the unemployed. The working population refers to persons aged 15 and over who should (a) be engaged in performing work for pay or profit during the 7 days before the Census; or (b) have formal job attachment during the 7 days before the Census. The working population can be distinguished by the employment status （就業身分） as follows: Employee （僱員）：A person who works for an employer (private companies or government) for wage, salary, commission, tips or payment in kind. Domestic helpers, outworkers and paid family workers are also included here. Employer （僱主）：A person who works for profit or fees in his/her own business/profession and employs one or more persons to work for him/her. Self-employed （自營作業者）：A person who works for profit or fees in his/her own business/profession, neither employed by someone nor employing others. Unpaid family worker （無酬家庭從業員）：A person who works for no pay in a family business is also considered as employed. Food and lodging and pocket money are not counted as pay. Unemployed population （失業人口）：Refer basically to persons aged 15 and over who should (a) have not had a job and should not have performed any work for pay or profit during the 7 days before the Census ; (b) have been available for work during the 7 days before the Census ; and (c) have sought work during the 30 days before the Census. (Note: Estimates of the unemployed based on population censuses/by-censuses are likely to have a lower degree of accuracy. This is because the measurement of unemployment is not simple. For instance, in identifying an unemployed person, account has to be taken of a person’s availability for work and whether he or she is actively seeking work. A large quantity of temporary field workers were employed to undertake the enumeration work in the population censuses/by-censuses, and they could not be expected to have a full understanding of the labour force framework and the required skills in asking screening questions, particularly those on the activity related to work seeking. Studies on unemployment should therefore be primarily based on the data of the General Household Survey conducted by the Census and Statistics Department. Inclusion of the questions for identifying unemployed persons in the population censuses/by-censuses mainly serves to complete the enumeration of the entire economically active population (i.e. the labour force). This is because the economically active population is composed of the working population and the unemployed population.) Economically inactive population （非從事經濟活動人口）：This comprises persons who have not had a job and have not been at work during the 7 days before the Census, excluding persons who have been on leave/ holiday during the 7-day period and persons who are unemployed. Persons such as retired persons, home-makers, unpaid carers and persons aged below 15 are thus included. Home-maker （料理家務者）：A person who looks after the home without pay. Unpaid carer （無酬照顧者）：A person who is engaged in unpaid care to family members or other persons (including persons with chronic diseases / disability and old/young persons). Student （學生）：A person who is studying full-time in educational institution (as for the 2021 Population Census, students refers to those who had been studying in the first half of 2021 and would continue to study full-time in the academic year after the Census [i.e. June 2021]). Persons who are self-studying, or studying informal courses in miscellaneous training institutes or studying evening courses and were not working during the 7 days before the Census are also included in this category. Student workers are classified as economically active persons and are not included in this group. Retired person （退休人士）：A person who has worked previously but is not currently working because of old age. Of independent means （經濟自給者）：A person who does not have to work for a living. The cost of living is generally borne by rental receivable, savings, investment returns or remittances. Other economically inactive person （其他非從事經濟活動人士）：Economically inactive person not elsewhere classified, e.g. unpaid religious worker and person who cannot work or do not seek work because of permanent sickness or disablement.
(2)	Economically active household （從事經濟活動的家庭住戶） This refers to a domestic household with at least 1 member (excluding foreign domestic helpers) being economically active. Please see Economic activity status.
(3)	Economically active population （從事經濟活動人口） This comprises the employed (i.e. the working population) and the unemployed. Please see Economic activity status.
(4)	Educational attainment （教育程度） This comprises the highest level attended and the highest level completed. (a) Highest level attended （最高就讀程度）： Highest level attended is the highest level of education ever attained by a person in an educational institution, regardless of whether he/she had completed the course. Only formal courses are counted as educational attainment. A formal course shall be one that lasts for at least 1 academic year, requires specific academic qualifications for entrance (except sub-degree/degree/postgraduate courses offered by the Hong Kong Metropolitan University) and includes examinations or specific academic assessment procedures. (b) Highest level completed （最高完成程度）： Highest level completed is the highest level of education completed by a person in an educational institution, regardless of whether he/she had passed the examinations or assessments of the course. Only formal courses are counted for the highest level of education completed. A formal course shall be one that lasts for at least 1 academic year, requires specific academic qualifications for entrance (except sub-degree/degree/postgraduate courses offered by the Hong Kong Metropolitan University) and includes examinations or specific academic assessment procedures. Educational attainment is classified as follows: No schooling （未受教育）：Including those who had never attended a formal course. Pre-primary （學前教育）：Including all classes in kindergartens and child care centres. Primary （小學）：Including Primary 1 – 6 in all educational institutions. Lower secondary （初中）：Including Secondary 1 – 3 in all educational institutions. Upper secondary （高中）：Including Secondary 4 – 7 of old academic structure, Secondary 4 – 6 of new academic structure or equivalent in all educational institutions, Project Yi Jin / Yi Jin Diploma and craft level. Post-secondary (diploma/certificate) （專上教育（文憑／證書））：Including diploma/certificate courses in Vocational Training Council / Clothing Industry Training Authority / Construction Industry Council / Metropolitan University / School of Professional and Continuing Education of University / former Polytechnics / other statutory or approved post-secondary colleges / other colleges providing post-secondary courses / former Teacher Colleges / commercial schools, nurse training courses / dental training courses / distance learning courses / other courses at diploma/certificate level. Post-secondary (sub-degree course) （專上教育（副學位課程））：Including all higher certificate / higher diploma / professional diploma / associate degree / pre-associate degree / endorsement certificate / associateship or equivalent courses in universities / Vocational Training Council, other sub-degree courses in universities funded by University Grants Committee, higher certificate / higher diploma / professional diploma / associate degree / pre-associate degree or equivalent courses in former Polytechnics / other statutory or approved post-secondary colleges, higher diploma / professional diploma / associate degree / pre-associate degree or equivalent courses in other colleges providing post-secondary courses, sub-degree courses in the Education University of Hong Kong (former Hong Kong Institute of Education), sub-degree level nurse training courses / dental training courses, distance learning sub-degree level courses and other sub-degree level courses. Post-secondary (degree course) （專上教育（學位課程））：Including all first degree, taught postgraduate and research postgraduate courses in local or non-local institutions.
(5)	Elderly dependency ratio （老年撫養比率） The number of persons aged 65 and over per 1 000 persons aged between 15 and 64.
(6)	Elderly persons requiring care （需要照顧的長者） Persons aged 60 and above who currently need relative(s) or other person(s) to take care of their day-to-day living (such as domestic activities, going shopping, going to recreational centre, consulting doctors and taking medicine/receiving treatment) on a long-term basis.
(7)	Ethnicity （種族） The ethnicity of a person is determined by self-identification, normally with reference to a combination of concepts such as ethnic origin, colour, descent, cultural origins, nationality and language. In Hong Kong, a significant proportion of the population is Chinese, and among the non-Chinese, Asians account for the majority. Therefore, there are more Asian related ethnic groups in the classification.
(8)	Ethnic minorities （少數族裔人士） Ethnic Minorities refer to persons of non-Chinese ethnicities.
(9)	Ethnic minority domestic household （少數族裔家庭住戶） Ethnic minority domestic household refers to a domestic household with one or more members (other than live-in foreign domestic helpers) being ethnic minorities.
(10)	Field of education （修讀科目） Field of education refers to the subject of the courses to which a person’s education attainment (highest level attended or highest level completed) was related. General programmes （一般課程）：Including general programmes for preparatory, elementary and secondary education (include Yi Jin Diploma / Project Yi Jin). Arts and social science （文學及社會科學）：Including studies in music; drawing and painting; sculpturing; drama; handicrafts; photography and cinematography; literature; languages and linguistics; history; philosophy; theology; religion; archaeology; anthropology; economics; sociology; pure psychology; clinical psychology; demography; geography; political science and regional studies. Pure science （純科學）：Including studies in mathematics; biology; chemistry; geology; physics; astronomy; meteorology; oceanography; statistics and actuarial science. Education （教育）：Including studies in colleges of education and Hong Kong Technical Teacher’s College; certificate/diploma of education courses and university degree courses in education. Business and commercial studies （商科課程）：Including studies in banking; marketing; finance and investment; valuation; purchase and supply; insurance; secretaryship; company secretaryship; public and business administration; accountancy; shorthand; typing and book-keeping. Computer studies （電腦課程）：Including studies in computer programming and system analysis; electronic data processing; business machine and computer operation. Medical and health related studies （醫療衞生課程）：Including studies in medicine (except Chinese herbal medicine); nursing; dentistry; psychiatry; radiology; pharmacy, dental and medical technology; physical and occupational therapy; speech therapy; anatomy; physiology; immunology; pathology and forensic medicine. Architecture and construction engineering （建築及營造工程）：Including studies in architecture, town planning and environmental design; transport studies; building technology such as surveying; carpentry, bricklaying, plastering and tiling, plumbing and pipe-fitting, sewerage; water supply and treatment; civil and structural engineering; building services engineering; soil mechanics; draughtsmanship; interior design; land, building and estate management. Mechanical, electrical, electronic and marine engineering （機械、電機、電子及輪機工程）：Including studies in mechanical engineering; mining engineering; motor mechanics; vehicle technology; production engineering; plastic mould technology; tool and die technology; industrial engineering; electrical and electronic engineering; refrigeration and air-conditioning; television/ radio mechanics and servicing; telecommunications; marine electronics; ship building and repairs and naval architecture. Textile, design and other industrial technology （紡織、設計及其他工業技術）：Including studies in textile technology / clothing technology such as dyeing, fabric, printing, garment and leather manufacturing; printing technology; industrial design; basic, graphic and 3-dimensional design; chemical engineering; watch and clock making and optics. Other vocational studies （其他職業課程）：Including studies in law and jurisprudence; journalism; radio and television broadcasting; public relations; library sciences; social work; agricultural programmes; Chinese herbal medicine; tourism; hotel management; laboratory technicianship; civil security; military; vocational counselling and other service trades.
(11)	Floor area of accommodation （居所樓面面積） Except for public rental housing, the floor area of accommodation refers to saleable floor area. It includes the floor area of every one of (i) a balcony, (ii) a utility platform, (iii) a verandah to the extent that it forms part of the residence; but excluding the area of an air-conditioning plant room, a bay window, a flat roof, a garden, a parking space, a roof, a stairhood, a terrace, a yard to the extent that it forms part of the residence. For public rental housing, the floor area of accommodation is measured in terms of internal floor area. For domestic households sharing a unit of quarters, the floor area of the common area shared among households is excluded. Statistics related to floor area of accommodation presented do not include domestic households living in unsheltered accommodation or on board vessels. (Note: Owing to the difference in definitions, statistics of floor area of public rental housing are not directly comparable to those of other types of accommodation. Besides, the information of floor area of accommodation as reported by respondents may be subject to different extent of estimation, and hence caution should be exercised in interpreting the statistics concerned.)

H-L
(1)	Headship rate （戶主率） The proportion of household heads among the enumerated population living in domestic households (a household might report more than one member as household head).
(2)	Hong Kong Resident Population （居港人口） The Hong Kong Resident Population at the reference moment covers “Usual Residents” and “Mobile Residents”. “Usual Residents” refer to two categories of people: (1) Hong Kong Permanent Residents who had stayed in Hong Kong for at least 3 months during the 6 months before or for at least 3 months during the 6 months after the reference moment, regardless of whether they were in Hong Kong or not at the reference moment; and (2) Hong Kong Non-permanent Residents who were in Hong Kong at the reference moment. For those Hong Kong Permanent Residents who were not “Usual Residents”, they were classified as “Mobile Residents” if they had stayed in Hong Kong for at least 1 month but less than 3 months during the 6 months before or for at least 1 month but less than 3 months during the 6 months after the reference moment, regardless of whether they were in Hong Kong or not at the reference moment.
(3)	Household composition （住戶結構） Household composition is derived from the information on relationship to the head of household of each person and the identification of spouse and parent-child relationships among members of the household. The different categories of household composition are as follows: Nuclear family households （核心家庭住戶）： Composed of couple （由夫婦所組成）：A household comprising a married couple without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers). Composed of couple and unmarried children （由夫婦及未婚子女所組成）：A household comprising a couple and their unmarried child(ren) without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers). Composed of lone parent and unmarried children （由父或母親及未婚子女所組成）：A household comprising a father or mother and his/her unmarried child(ren) without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers). Relative households （親屬關係住戶）： Composed of couple and at least one of their parents （由夫婦及其中至少一個父或母親所組成）：A household comprising a couple and at least one of their parents (including the parent(s) of the wife and/or husband) without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers). Composed of couple, at least one of their parents and their unmarried children （由夫婦、其中至少一個父或母親及其未婚子女所組成）：A household comprising a couple, at least one of their parents (including the parent(s) of the wife and/or husband) and their unmarried children without any other related persons. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers). Composed of other relationship combinations （由其他親屬關係組合所組成）：A household comprising a group of related persons but not being classified in the above categories. It may or may not include other unrelated persons (e.g. domestic helpers). Other households （其他住戶）： One-person households （單人住戶）：A household with only one person. Non-relative households （非親屬關係住戶）： A household comprising unrelated person(s).
(4)	Household size （住戶人數） Household size refers to the number of persons living in the domestic household.
(5)	Industry （行業） The major activity of the establishment in which a person worked during the 7 days before the Census. The classification adopted for statistics on industry is modeled on the Hong Kong Standard Industrial Classification Version 2.0. It is the same as that adopted in the 2016 Population By-census. The brief descriptions and coverage of the industrial sectors of this industry classification are given as follows: Manufacturing （製造業）：This industry sector includes the physical or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or components into new products. Substantial alteration, renovation and reconstruction of goods are generally considered to be manufacturing. Also included in the industry sector is specialised repair and maintenance of industrial and commercial machinery and equipment. Examples of this industry sector are food product manufacturing; wearing apparel industry; printing industry; manufacturing of electronic products; and repair and installation of machinery and equipment. Construction （建造業）：This industry sector includes general construction and specialised construction activities for buildings and civil engineering works. It includes new work, repair, additions and alterations, the erection of prefabricated building structure on the site and also construction of a temporary nature. Examples of this industry sector are building construction; civil engineering; building services installation and maintenance activities; and decoration, repair and maintenance for buildings. Import/export, wholesale and retail trades （進出口、批發及零售業）：This industry sector includes wholesale and retail sale (i.e. sale without transformation) of any type of goods, and rendering services incidental to the sale of merchandise. Wholesaling and retailing are the final steps in the distribution of merchandise. Examples of this industry sector are import and export trade; wholesale and retail trade; and peddlers. Transportation, storage, postal and courier services （運輸、倉庫、郵政及速遞服務業）：This industry sector includes the provision of passenger or freight transport, whether scheduled or not, by rail, road, water or air and associated activities such as airport, terminal and car park, loading and unloading of freight, storage, and postal and courier activities etc. Also included are sightseeing transport and renting of transport equipment with or without driver or operator. Examples of this industry sector are land transport; water transport; air transport; warehousing and support activities for transportation; and postal and courier activities. Accommodation and food services （住宿及膳食服務業）：This industry sector includes the provision of short-stay accommodation for visitors and other travellers and the provision of complete meals and drinks fit for immediate consumption. Examples of this industry sector are hotels; guesthouses and boarding houses; restaurants; bars and lounges; and coffee shops. Information and communications （資訊及通訊業）：This industry sector includes the production and distribution of information and cultural products, the provision of the means to transmit or distribute these products as well as data. Also included are broadcasting, communications and information technology activities, as well as the processing of data and other information service activities. Examples of this industry sector are publishing industry; radio and television broadcasting; telecommunications; information technology services; and news agencies. Financing and insurance （金融及保險業）：This industry sector includes financial service activities, including insurance and pension funding activities, and activities to support financial services. Also included are the activities of holding assets, such as activities of holding companies and the activities of trusts, funds and similar financial entities. Examples of this industry sector are banks; investment and holding companies; insurance; security brokerage; and fund management. Real estate, professional and business services （地產、專業及商用服務業）：This industry sector includes (a) all real estate activities, (b) all activities requiring a high degree of professional training, and serve users with specialised knowledge and skills; and (c) establishments mainly engaged in performing various support activities for the day-to-day operations of other enterprises (some also supporting households). Examples of this industry sector are real estate development; real estate brokerage and agencies; real estate maintenance management; offices of lawyers, accountants, auditors, architects, surveyors; advertising and market research companies; specialised design activities; travel agencies, security and investigation activities; cleaning activities; office administrative and support activities. Public administration, education, human health and social work activities （公共行政、教育、人類醫療保健及社工活動）：This industry sector includes government administration, establishments engaged in formulating and implementing the economic and social policy, and units maintaining public order and safety. This industry sector also includes establishments mainly engaged in the provision and support of education and training and establishments mainly engaged in providing human health care and social assistance. Examples of this industry sector are government services; educational institutions and other establishments engaged in educational and training services; medical and health services; elderly homes; and welfare institutions. Miscellaneous social and personal services （雜項社會及個人服務）：This industry sector includes creative and performing arts activities; cultural activities; betting activities; sports, amusement and recreation activities; and all other services activities including personal services activities. This industry sector also includes activities of households as employers of domestic personnel. Examples of this industry sector are libraries and museums; theme parks; fitness centres; religious organisations; political organisations; repair of personal and household goods (such as motor vehicles and computers); laundry and dry-cleaning services; beauty and body prettifying treatment; and domestic helpers. Others （其他）：Including such industries as “Agriculture, forestry and fishing”; “Mining and quarrying”; “Electricity and gas supply”; “Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities” and industrial activities unidentifiable or inadequately described.
(6)	In-mover (of internal migration) （遷入人士） The number of persons, who moved into the present District Council district, new towns or other areas in the New Territories during the past 5 years from another District Council district; new town or other areas in the New Territories.
(7)	Internal migration （內部遷移） Persons having internally migrated were those whose area of current residence was different from the area of original residence 5 years ago. In defining internal migration, a change in the area of residence refers to a move (a) from a District Council district to another District Council district; or (b) within a District Council district in the New Territories, from a new town to another new town, or from a new town to other areas in the district or vice versa.
(8)	Labour force （勞動人口） Please see Economic activity status.
(9)	Labour force participation rate （勞動人口參與率） The proportion of labour force in the total population aged 15 and over.
(10)	Living arrangements （居住情況） Living arrangements are classified according to the respondent and his/her relationship with other household members living with him/her. The different categories of living arrangements are as follows: Living alone （獨居）：A person not living with any other persons. Living with parent(s) only （只與父母同住）：A person living with his/her father and/or mother. He/she may, at the same time, be living with other persons who are not his/her spouse and child(ren). Living with spouse and/or child(ren) （與配偶及／或子女同住）：A person living with his/her spouse and/or child(ren). He/she may, at the same time, be living with other persons. This category can be further broken down into “Living with spouse and/or child(ren), and with parent(s)” and “Living with spouse and/or child(ren), and not with parent(s)”. The former refers to the case that the persons are also living with their parent(s) while they live with their spouse and/or child(ren). The latter refers to the case that the respondent’s parent(s) is not living in the same household. Others （其他）：A person living with other persons other than his/her parent(s), spouse and child(ren).
(11)	Long-term care needs （長期照顧需要） Long-term care needs refers to those that have lasted or are expected to last for six months or more, regardless of whether there is currently a carer to take care of the person in question.

M
(1)	Main mode of transport to place of study （前赴上課地點的主要交通方式） Mode of transport to place of study refers to the type(s) of transport a full-time student studying in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of study. For a person who used more than one type of transport to go to his/her place of study, the main mode of transport refers to the one used for travelling the longest distance. “On foot only” was recorded if the person usually walked to his/her place of study and did not use any other mode of transport.
(2)	Main mode of transport to place of work （前赴工作地點的主要交通方式） Mode of transport to place of work refers to the type(s) of transport a person with a fixed place of work in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of work. (For a person who used more than one type of transport to go to work, the main mode of transport refers to the one used for travelling the longest distance.) “On foot only” was recorded if the person usually walked to work and did not use any other mode of transport.
(3)	Major housing estate （主要屋苑） A major housing estate refers to a group of residential buildings developed by the same developer (either in the public sector or in the private sector) in one or more phases in a neighbourhood and with at least 3 000 residents or 1 000 domestic households in 2021. Population statistics by major housing estate do not include persons residing in non-residential buildings within the area of the major housing estate. Besides, some Mobile Residents who did not belong to households enumerated during the Census and were not in Hong Kong throughout the Census period are not included, which however should be small in number. Imputation had been applied to derive the overall number and characteristics of such non-enumerated Mobile Residents based on administrative records and responded data. However, due to precision consideration, such imputation had not been performed in respect of breakdowns for individual buildings and major housing estates
(4)	Marital status （婚姻狀況） The marital status of a person is recorded according to the status reported by respondents at the time of enumeration in the population censuses/by-censuses, regardless of whether the marriage or divorce had undergone any legal registration or ceremony.
(5)	Median age （年齡中位數） The average age so calculated that 50% of the total number of persons were above that age and the other 50% were below it.
(6)	Median floor area of accommodation （居所樓面面積中位數） The average floor area of accommodation so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households occupied floor area above that figure and the other 50% occupied floor area below it. The floor area of public rental housing is measured in terms of internal floor area while the floor area of other types of accommodation is measured in terms of saleable floor area. For domestic households sharing a unit of quarters, the floor area of the common area shared among households is excluded. Statistics related to floor area of accommodation presented do not include domestic households living in unsheltered accommodation or on board vessels. Please see Floor area of accommodation. (Note: Owing to the difference in definitions, statistics of floor area of public rental housing are not directly comparable to those of other types of accommodation. Besides, the information of floor area of accommodation as reported by respondents may be subject to different extent of estimation, and hence caution should be exercised in interpreting the statistics concerned.)
(7)	Median monthly domestic household income （家庭住戶每月收入中位數） The average monthly domestic household income so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households had incomes above that figure and the other 50% had incomes below it. Zero income households are included in the calculation. Please see Monthly domestic household income.
(8)	Median monthly domestic household mortgage payment and loan repayment （家庭住戶每月按揭供款及借貸還款中位數） The average monthly mortgage payment and loan repayment so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households owning the quarters they occupy with mortgage or loan paid more than that amount and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation. Please see Monthly domestic household mortgage payment and loan repayment.
(9)	Median monthly domestic household rent （家庭住戶每月租金中位數） The average monthly rent so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households renting the accommodation they occupy paid more than that amount and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero rent are excluded in the calculation. Please see Monthly domestic household rent.
(10)	Median monthly income from main employment （每月主要職業收入中位數） The average income from main employment so calculated that 50% of the working population, excluding unpaid family workers, had income above that figure and the other 50% had income below it. Please see Monthly income from main employment.
(11)	Median mortgage payment and loan repayment to income ratio （按揭供款及借貸還款與收入比率中位數） The average percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly mortgage payment and loan repayment so calculated that 50% of domestic households owning the quarters they occupy with mortgage or loan paid more than that percentage and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero income and/or zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation.
(12)	Median outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment （尚餘按揭供款或借貸還款年期中位數） The average outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households owning the quarters they occupy with mortgage or loan had their outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment above that figure and the other 50% had their outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment below it. Households with zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation. Please see Outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment.
(13)	Median per capita floor area of accommodation （人均居所樓面面積中位數） The average per capita floor area of accommodation so calculated that 50% of the total number of domestic households occupied per capita floor area above that figure and the other 50% of the total number of domestic households occupied per capita floor area below that figure. The floor area of public rental housing is measured in terms of internal floor area while the floor area of other types of accommodation is measured in terms of saleable floor area. For domestic households sharing a unit of quarters, the floor area of the common area shared among households is excluded. Statistics related to floor area of accommodation do not include domestic households living in unsheltered accommodation or on board vessels. Please see Floor area of accommodation. (Note: Owing to the difference in definitions, statistics of floor area of public rental housing are not directly comparable to those of other types of accommodation. Besides, the information of floor area of accommodation as reported by respondents may be subject to different extent of estimation, and hence caution should be exercised in interpreting the statistics concerned.)
(14)	Median rent to income ratio （租金與收入比率中位數） The average percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly household rent so calculated that 50% of domestic households renting the accommodation they occupy paid more than that percentage and the other 50% paid less than that. Households with zero income and/or zero rent are excluded in the calculation.
(15)	Median weekly usual hours of work of all employment （所有工作的每周通常工作時數中位數） The average weekly usual hours of work of all employment so calculated that 50% of the working population had weekly usual hours of work (calculated based on all employment) above that figure and the other 50% of the working population had weekly usual hours of work (calculated based on all employment) below it. Please see Weekly usual hours of work.
(16)	Mobile Residents （流動居民） For those Hong Kong Permanent Residents who were not “Usual Residents”, they were classified as “Mobile Residents” if they had stayed in Hong Kong for at least 1 month but less than 3 months during the 6 months before or for at least 1 month but less than 3 months during the 6 months after the reference moment, regardless of whether they were in Hong Kong or not at the reference moment. Please see Usual Residents.
(17)	Mode of transport to place of study （前赴上課地點的交通方式） Mode of transport to place of study refers to the type(s) of transport a full time student studying in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of study. For a person who used more than one type of transport to go to school, the three modes of transport travelled for the longest distance were reported. “On foot only” was recorded if the person usually walked to work and did not use any other mode of transport.
(18)	Mode of transport to place of work （前赴工作地點的交通方式） Mode of transport to place of work refers to the type(s) of transport a person with a fixed place of work in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of work. For a person who used more than one type of transport to go to work, the three modes of transport travelled for the longest distance were reported. “On foot only” was recorded if the person usually walked to work and did not use any other mode of transport.
(19)	Monthly domestic household income （家庭住戶每月收入） The total income (including earnings in cash from all employments and other cash incomes) of members of households. The amount recorded for 2021 refers to the income for June 2021.
(20)	Monthly domestic household mortgage payment and loan repayment （家庭住戶每月按揭供款及借貸還款） This is the amount paid by a domestic household owning the quarters it occupies with mortgage or loan on mortgage payment and loan repayment on its accommodation in June 2021. It includes payments for first mortgage, second mortgage, home equity loan or some other special payment schemes in order to redeem the quarters occupied but excludes payments for rates, government rent, water, electricity, gas, telephone and management fees. Mortgage payment and loan repayment paid by non-household members are also excluded.
(21)	Monthly domestic household rent （家庭住戶每月租金） This is the amount paid by a domestic household renting the accommodation it occupies on its accommodation in June 2021. It includes rates, government rent and management fee for that month but excludes payments for water and electricity. For a main tenant, rent is the net amount he paid after deducting the rent he received from his sub-tenant(s) for subletting part of the quarters. Zero rent households include households living in accommodation of friends or relatives without paying any rent with or without permission, main tenant households with total rental receipts from sub-tenant(s) greater than or equal to the rent paid to the owner, and those households whose quarters were provided free by employers.
(22)	Monthly income from main employment （每月主要職業收入） For employers or self-employed persons, this is the amount earned excluding expenses incurred in running their main business. For employees, this is the total amount earned from their main employment including salary or wage, bonus, commission, overtime allowance, housing allowance, tips and other cash allowances. New Year bonus and double pay are excluded. The amount recorded for 2021 refers to the income for June 2021.
(23)	Mortality rate （死亡率） The total number of deaths occurring among 1 000 persons in a given year.
(24)	Mortgage payment and loan repayment to income ratio （按揭供款及借貸還款與收入比率） The percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly mortgage payment and loan repayment of a domestic household owning the quarters it occupies with mortgage or loan. Households with zero income and/or zero mortgage payment and loan repayment by household members (i.e. with mortgage payment and loan repayment by non-household members only) are excluded in the calculation.

N-O
(1)	Net internal migration （淨內部遷移） The balance of in-movement and out-movement of population in a District Council district or new town, or in other areas of the New Territories.
(2)	Net migration （淨遷移） The balance of movements into and out of Hong Kong in a specified period of time.
(3)	New town （新市鎮） The delineation of the areas into new towns is adopted from the boundaries developed by the Civil Engineering and Development Department as well as Planning Department for new town development purposes. There are 10 new towns in Hong Kong, namely Tsuen Wan, Tuen Mun, Yuen Long, Tin Shui Wai, Fanling / Sheung Shui / Kwu Tung, Tai Po, Sha Tin, Tseung Kwan O, Tung Chung and Hung Shui Kiu / Ha Tsuen. Tsuen Wan, Kwai Chung and Tsing Yi areas under Tsuen Wan New Town as well as Sha Tin and Ma On Shan areas under Sha Tin New Town are analysed separately for the purpose of defining internal migration.
(4)	Non-working members in domestic household （家庭住戶的非工作成員） Members in a domestic household, who were either unemployed or economically inactive. Please see Economic activity status.
(5)	Number of children aged under 15 in household （住戶內15歲以下兒童數目） This refers to the number of members aged under 15 in a household.
(6)	Number of elderly persons (aged 65 and over) in household （住戶內65歲及以上長者數目） This refers to the number of members aged 65 and over in a household.
(7)	Number of modes of transport to place of study （前赴上課地點的交通方式數目） This refers to the number of modes of transport a full time student studying in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of study.
(8)	Number of modes of transport to place of work （前赴工作地點的交通方式數目） This refers to the number of modes of transport a person with a fixed place of work in Hong Kong usually used to travel to his/her place of work.
(9)	Number of rooms (excluding kitchens and bathrooms/toilets) （廳房數目（不包括廚房及浴室／廁所）） A room is a space in the quarters enclosed by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof covering, or at least to a height of 2 metres, of a size large enough to hold a bed for an adult, that is at least 4 square metres. The total number of rooms includes bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, store rooms, study rooms, utility rooms, servants’ rooms and other separate spaces used or intended for domestic purposes, so long as they meet the criteria of walls and floor space. Rooms partially divided because of fixed or movable partitions or because of their use (e.g. living-and-dining rooms without fixed partitions) are counted as separate rooms. Kitchens and bathrooms/ toilet rooms are counted separately. Passageways, verandahs and lobbies, are not counted, even if they meet the criteria.
(10)	Number of working members in domestic household （家庭住戶的工作成員數目） The number of members in a domestic household, who were in working population. Please see Economic activity status.
(11)	Occupant （居住者） A person usually residing in a quarters.
(12)	Occupation （職業） This refers to the kind of work a person performed during the 7 days before the Census. A new occupation classification scheme was introduced in the 2016 Population By-census and fully adopted in the 2021 Population Census, which follows “International Standard Classification Occupations 2008 (ISCO-08)” more closely. To facilitate comparison, a backcasting exercise was done to re-compile a set of figures on the distribution of working population by occupation for the 2011 Population Census. The brief descriptions and coverage of the major groups of this occupation classification are given as follows: Managers （經理）：Including legislators; senior government officials; foreign diplomats; managing directors and chief executives; business services managers; administration managers; sales and marketing managers; manufacturing managers; construction managers; supply and distribution managers; information and communications technology service managers; professional services managers; school principals; hotel managers; retail and wholesale trade managers; etc. Professionals （專業人員）：Including accountants and auditors; engineering professionals; medical doctors; registered nurses and other healthcare professionals (e.g. registered Chinese medicine practitioners, dentists, pharmacists, midwives, veterinarians); lawyers; university and post-secondary college lecturers; school teachers and other teaching professionals; actuaries; statisticians; economists; financial and investment advisers; software and applications developers and analysts; social and religious professionals; etc. Associate professionals （輔助專業人員）：Including engineering technicians; manufacturing and construction supervisors; enrolled nurses and other healthcare associate professionals (e.g. dental assistants, dispensers, postnatal care workers); law clerks; actuarial assistants; statistical assistants; securities traders; insurance consultants and underwriters; information and communications technology technicians; real estate agents and property managers; administrative and specialised secretaries; inspectors and similarly ranked staff in disciplined services; social work assistants; photographers; chefs; etc. Clerical support workers （文書支援人員）：Including general office clerks; accounting and bookkeeping clerks; personal secretaries; bank tellers; client information workers; storekeepers; etc. Service and sales workers （服務及銷售人員）：Including salespersons; travel attendants and guides; cooks; waiters; barbers; beauticians; personal care workers; rank and file staff in disciplined services; child care workers and teachers’ aides; building security guards; transport workers; etc. Craft and related workers （工藝及有關人員）：Including building and related trades workers; machinery mechanics and repairers; electrical, electronic and telecommunication equipment installers and repairers; bakers and other food processing workers; tailors; etc. Plant and machine operators and assemblers （機台及機器操作員及裝配員）：Including food and related products machine operators; drivers and mobile plant operators; etc. Elementary occupations （非技術工人）：Including domestic helpers; cleaners and labourers; food preparation assistants; messengers and deliverers; etc. Skilled agricultural and fishery workers; and occupations not classifiable （漁農業熟練工人及不能分類的職業）：Including vegetable farm workers; gardeners; fishery workers; and occupations unidentifiable and inadequately described.
(13)	Occupied quarters （有人居住的屋宇單位） Quarters refer to such unit of accommodation as flats, houses and structures which could be used for the purpose of accommodation. Please see Type of quarters. Occupied quarters refer to those quarters which were occupied by those people under the Hong Kong Resident Population at the reference moment.
(14)	One-person household （單人住戶） Please see Household composition.
(15)	Other cash income （其他現金收入） This refers to income generated from rent income, dividend and interest, regular/monthly pensions, insurance annuity benefits, Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, Old Age Allowance, Normal/Higher Old Age Living Allowance, Normal/Higher Disability Allowance, regular contribution from persons outside the household, regular contribution from charities, Working Family Allowance, Individual-based Work Incentive Transport Subsidy, Public Transport Fare Subsidy, education-related Government subsidies and other Government subsidies. Income from lottery/gambling winnings, loan obtained, compensation, inheritances, loan payment received and proceeds from sale of assets are excluded. The amount recorded for 2021 refers to the income for June 2021.
(16)	Out-mover (of internal migration) （遷出人士） The number of persons living in a District Council district, new town or other areas of the New Territories in June 2016, who had moved to live in a different District Council district, new town or other areas in the New Territories at the time of the 2021 Population Census.
(17)	Outstanding period of mortgage payment or loan repayment （尚餘按揭供款或借貸還款年期） This is the number of outstanding years of the mortgage or loan period on the quarters occupied by a domestic household it owns with mortgage or loan. If more than one mortgage or loan term is involved, only the one involving the longest outstanding mortgage or loan period is required.
(18)	Overall dependency ratio （總撫養比率） The number of persons aged under 15 and 65 and over per 1 000 persons aged between 15 and 64.

P-R
(1)	Place of birth （出生地點） This is the country/ territory in which the person was born.
(2)	Place of study （上課地點） The place of study of a person refers to the geographical area in Hong Kong where the educational institution (including pre-primary, primary, secondary and post-secondary educational institutions) is located and where the person concerned had to go to attend full-time course.
(3)	Place of work （工作地點） The place of work of a person refers to the district where the work place of a person is located and where the person concerned usually stayed or went during the 7 days before the Census for business matters. For a person who had more than one job during the reference period, the place of work refers to that of his/her main employment. For a person who changed his/her work place day to day (e.g. construction site worker) or had many work places (e.g. doctor working in both hospital and clinic, mobile hawker), the work place is where the person worked for the longest hours in the reference period. For a person who had no fixed place of work (e.g. salesman, driver) but needed to report duty every day, the location of the office or depot is the work place. For a cross-border truck driver who drove between Hong Kong and the mainland of China and spends most of the working hours in the mainland of China, then the mainland of China is the place of work.
(4)	Population （人口） Please see Hong Kong Resident Population.
(5)	Population density （人口密度） The ratio of the number of persons to the land area (in square kilometres) of the geographical division in which they are residing. The land area refers to that provided by the Lands Department for the position as at end-June of respective years.
(6)	Post-secondary education （專上教育） Please see Educational attainment.
(7)	Primary carer （主要照顧者） This refers to the person who provided the longest hours of caring services during a week, regardless of whether unpaid (e.g. family member) or paid (e.g. foreign domestic helper and private nurse). If a foreign domestic helper, who was employed by family member, takes the longest time to provide care to the elderly person, the foreign domestic helper is the primary carer. Elder persons can take care among themselves, i.e. one elder person can be the carer of another.
(8)	Pupil-teacher ratio （學生與教師比率） The ratio of the total number of pupils/students enrolled to the total number of teachers.
(9)	Reference moment （點算時刻） This refers to the reference moment of the 2021 Population Census which was fixed at 3:00 a.m. on 30 June 2021. In recording the whereabouts of a person at the reference moment, a person who was on night shift, on the way home or at a place not for accommodation was regarded as staying in the quarters being enumerated.
(10)	Rent to income ratio （租金與收入比率） The percentage of monthly household income paid on monthly household rent of a domestic household renting the accommodation it occupies. All zero income households and/or zero rent households are excluded in the calculation.

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(1)	School attendance rate （就學比率） The percentage of population attending full-time course in educational institutions (in the first half of 2021 for the 2021 Population Census).
(2)	Sex ratio （性別比率） The ratio of the number of males per 1 000 females.
(3)	Standardised rate （標準化率） The rate derived by the standardisation technique which has the effect of eliminating the sex and age differences from the data for comparison purposes. The technique involves calculating a weighted average of the sex-age-specific rates with respective weights taken from the distribution of the standard population by sex and age. Standardised headship rates and labour force participation rates were derived according to this method for analysis.
(4)	Tenure of accommodation （居所租住權） The terms or conditions under which accommodation is held by a domestic household. The different terms are defined as follows: Owner-occupier, with mortgage payment or loan repayment （自置，有按揭供款或借貸還款）：A household which owns the quarters it occupies with mortgage payment or loan repayment for the quarters. Owner-occupier, without mortgage payment and loan repayment （自置，沒有按揭供款及借貸還款）： A household which owns the quarters it occupies without any mortgage payment and loan repayment for the quarters. Sole tenant （全租）：A household which rents the whole quarters it occupies from someone who lives outside the quarters without sharing it with other household(s) or subletting. Co-tenant （合租）：Two or more households each of which rents part of the quarters from someone who lives outside the quarters. Main tenant （二房東）：A household which rents the whole quarters it occupies from someone who lives outside the quarters and sublets part of it to other household(s). Sub-tenant （三房客）：A household which rents part of the quarters from someone who lives in the same quarters. Rent free （免交租金）：A household which occupies an accommodation free, with or without the owner’s permission. This excludes households occupying accommodation provided by employers. Provided by employer （由僱主提供）：A household which occupies an accommodation provided by the employer of one of the household members. This also includes households occupying quarters leased from employers at a nominal rent. If a household member uses housing allowance given by his/her employer for renting accommodation, the tenure is not considered as provided by employer.
(5)	Tertiary Planning Unit and Subunit （小規劃統計區及單元區） For town planning purpose, the Planning Department divides the whole territory of Hong Kong into various Tertiary Planning Units and subdivides the Tertiary Planning Units into Subunits. Adjacent Tertiary Planning Units or Subunits with a small population are grouped for data dissemination.
(6)	Type of housing （房屋類型） This refers to the nature of housing for the unit of accommodation. The different types are determined based on the type of quarters of the unit of accommodation as follows: Public rental housing （公營租住房屋）：Including all public rental housing units. Public rental housing units include public rental housing flats and interim housing flats of the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA); and rental flats and flats under the Senior Citizen Residences Scheme of the Hong Kong Housing Society (HS). Subsidised home ownership housing （資助自置居所房屋）：Including all subsidised sale flats. Subsidised sale flats include flats under the Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) of the HA; flats under the Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Middle Income Housing Scheme (MIHS), Buy or Rent Option Scheme (BRO) and Mortgage Subsidy Scheme (MSS) of the HA; flats under the Flat-For-Sale Scheme (FFSS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS) and Subsidised Sale Flats Projects (SSFP) of the HS; and flats under the subsidised sale flat scheme of the Urban Renewal Authority. HOS/PSPS/MIHS/BRO/MSS/TPS/FFSS/SCHS flats that can be traded in the open market (i.e. flats sold prior to HOS Phase 3B or flats with premium paid) are classified as private permanent housing and are excluded from subsidised sale flats. Private permanent housing （私人永久性房屋）：Including all private residential flats; all villas / bungalows / modern village houses; all simple stone houses / traditional village houses; and all units of staff quarters. Private residential flats include all flats and apartments in multi-storey blocks or houses built by the private sector mainly for residential purpose and all former subsidised sale flats (i.e. those flats that can be traded in the open market). Non-domestic housing （非住宅用房屋）：Including all units of quarters in non-residential buildings and all units of collective living quarters. Temporary housing （臨時房屋）：Including all units of temporary quarters.
(7)	Type of quarters （屋宇單位類型） Quarters are classified according to the type of buildings in which they are located. The buildings are classified by the type of construction materials; the purpose for which they are built; and the sector responsible for their construction. Permanent quarters （永久性屋宇單位）：This comprises public rental housing units; subsidised sales flats; private residential flats; other quarters in private permanent housing; and non-domestic quarters. Details are as follows: Public rental housing units （公營租住房屋單位）：Including public rental housing flats and interim housing flats of the Hong Kong Housing Authority (HA); and rental flats and flats under the Senior Citizen Residences Scheme of the Hong Kong Housing Society (HS). Subsidised sale flats （資助出售單位）：Including flats under the Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) of the HA; flats under the Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Middle Income Housing Scheme (MIHS), Buy or Rent Option Scheme (BRO) and Mortgage Subsidy Scheme (MSS) of the HA; flats under the Flat-For-Sale Scheme (FFSS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS) and Subsidised Sale Flats Projects (SSFP) of the HS; and flats under the subsidised sale flat scheme of the Urban Renewal Authority. HOS/PSPS/MIHS/BRO/MSS/TPS/FFSS/SCHS flats that can be traded in the open market (i.e. flats sold prior to HOS Phase 3B or flats with premium paid) are classified as private permanent housing and are excluded from subsidised sale flats. Private residential flats （私人住宅單位）：Including all flats and apartments in multi-storey blocks or houses built by the private sector mainly for residential purpose and all former subsidised sale flats (i.e. those flats that can be traded in the open market). Other quarters in private permanent housing （私人永久性房屋的其他屋宇單位）：Including the following three categories: Villas / Bungalows / Modern village houses （別墅／平房／新型村屋）：These are individual houses of one-storey or multi-storeys built with full facilities including bathroom, flush toilet and internal piped water supply. Simple stone structures/ Traditional village houses （簡單磚石蓋搭建築物／傳統村屋）：Simple stone structures are houses built of stones and/or other permanent materials usually of one storey high. Traditional village houses are also grouped under this category. Staff quarters （員工宿舍）：These are units of quarters in purposely-built staff quarters buildings. Units of quarters not purposely built but provided by employer for accommodation purposes are excluded and they are classified in accordance with their respective types of buildings. Non-domestic quarters （非住宅用屋宇單位）：Including the following two categories: Quarters in non-residential buildings （非住宅樓宇內的屋宇單位）：These include all units of accommodation known to be used for residential purpose in non-residential buildings (such as commercial buildings and industrial buildings). Collective living quarters （供集體住宿的屋宇單位）：These include all units of accommodation (such as rooms and beds) in psychiatric hospitals, convalescent hospitals, infirmaries, penal institutions, elderly homes, boys’ and girls’ homes, religious houses, hotels, hostels and dormitories (such as those for university students). Temporary quarters （臨時屋宇單位）：These include quarters in temporary housing areas as well as private temporary structures such as modular housing, roof-top structures, contractor’s matsheds, nissen huts, huts and places not intended for residential purpose (such as landings, staircases, corridors, etc.). Vessels are also grouped under this category.
(8)	Usual Residents （常住居民） Usual Residents refer to two categories of people: (1) Hong Kong Permanent Residents who had stayed in Hong Kong for at least 3 months during the 6 months before or for at least 3 months during the 6 months after the reference moment, regardless of whether they were in Hong Kong or not at the reference moment; and (2) Hong Kong Non-permanent Residents who were in Hong Kong at the reference moment.
(9)	Usual spoken language （慣用交談語言） The usual spoken language is the language/dialect a person used in daily communication at home. This is not applicable to persons aged under 5 or mute persons.
(10)	Weekly usual hours of work （每周通常工作時數） Weekly usual hours of work is the number of hours that an employed person usually worked during a normal or typical week. Overtime hours regularly worked (whether paid or unpaid) are included but meal breaks, days and hours not usually worked and unusual periods of overtime are excluded. Stand-by time at home is not counted. For home-office workers, the time working at home is counted.
(11)	Whether studying （是否在學） The status of a person in acquiring education in the first half of 2021. It can be divided into two main groups as follows: Studying （正在就讀）: Studying full-time (full-time student) （全日制）: Persons studying full-time (that is excluding evening / part-time day release courses) at a kindergarten, a primary or secondary school, a post-secondary college, the Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education or at a university. Full-time students include student workers. Studying part-time (part-time student) （部分時間制）: This refers to the part-time day release courses or the evening courses offered by evening schools and post-secondary institutions (such as the Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education) and the extra-mural departments of the universities which fulfil the criteria of formal courses. Studying distance learning course （遙距課程）: Persons taking correspondence courses or distance learning courses leading to a degree are also regarded as studying distance learning courses. All other correspondence courses are excluded from this category. Completed / withdrew from the course （已完成課程／中途退學）: A person is regarded as having completed a course of education if he/she has passed the related examination. Those who stop studying before completion of the course are considered as withdrawal from study.
(12)	Working population （工作人口） Please see Economic activity status.

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